SYDNEY (AFP) –
A colourful climate-change sceptic seized control of Australia's opposition on Tuesday, vowing to kill carbon trading legislation ahead of key UN talks in a step which could trigger snap polls.
Right-wing maverick Tony Abbott ousted Liberal Party leader Malcolm Turnbull by just one vote, 42-41, in a shock backroom result that should doom marathon attempts to pass emissions laws.
A second defeat of the government bill -- aiming to cut carbon pollution by between five and 25 percent of 2000 levels by 2020 -- would give the government powers to call an early election.
"We will oppose the legislation in the Senate -- that is the right thing to do," Abbott told reporters, adding that he was "not frightened of an election on this issue".
Abbott's victory comes after Turnbull sparked a party revolt by supporting the government's emissions trading legislation, which is strongly opposed by the industry and agriculture lobbies.
The 52-year-old Abbott, a super-fit ex-trainee priest who recently posed for the cameras in his swimming trunks, sought to brush off earlier comments that climate-change science was "crap" as "a bit of hyperbole".
"I think climate change is real," Abbot said, prompting laughter at his press conference.
"I think man does make a contribution. There's an argument as to how great that contribution is, and second, what should be done about it.
"The last thing we should be doing is rushing through a great big new tax just so (prime minister) Kevin Rudd can take a trophy to Copenhagen," he added.
Failure to pass the cuts ahead of the UN summit would be deeply embarrassing for Labor leader Rudd, who discussed climate change with US President Barack Obama on Monday.
"A failure to vote, or shall I say a vote to delay the Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme, is a vote to deny the climate-change science," he told reporters in Washington.
Abbott said the opposition would seek to stall the legislation by deferring it to a Senate committee, or otherwise he vowed to defeat it this week in the upper house, where neither side holds a majority.
"Many millions of Australians are concerned that the Rudd government's emissions trading scheme looks like a great big tax, to create a great big slush fund," he said.
The bills' defeat would give Rudd the power to call Australia's first "double dissolution" election since 1987, although the prime minister has played down the prospect.
Rudd has sought to place Australia, the developed world's worst per capita polluter, at the centre of the international climate debate despite its accounting for just 1.5 percent of global emissions.
The centre-left leader campaigned on a strong environmental platform during 2007 polls and ratified the Kyoto Protocol shortly after taking office.
He has been asked to be a "friend of the chair", a deal broker role, at the Copenhagen talks which aim to craft a new pact for curbing the gases that drive global warming.

In recent years this kind of operational definition proved inadequate as a result of contracts that had the form but not the substance of insurance. The essence of insurance is the transfer of risk from the insured to one or more insurers. How much risk a contract actually transfers proved to be at the heart of the controversy.
In most countries, life and non-life insurers are subject to different regulatory regimes and different tax and accounting rules. The main reason for the distinction between the two types of company is that life, annuity, and pension business is very long-term in nature ââ¬â coverage for life assurance or a pension can cover risks over many decades. By contrast, non-life insurance cover usually covers a shorter period, such as one year.
NEW YORK – A federal appeals court on Tuesday ordered a disbarred civil rights lawyer convicted in a terrorism case to go to prison and said a judge must consider whether her sentence of a little more than two years behind bars was too lenient.
Lynne Stewart, 70, has been free on appeal since she was sentenced in 2006. The three-judge panel of the 2nd U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals issued its nearly 200-page ruling almost two years after hearing arguments in the case.
Stewart was sentenced to two years and four months in prison after she was found guilty of passing messages between her client, Sheik Omar Abdel-Rahman, and senior members of an Egyptian-based terrorist organization.
The appeals court suggested that the sentence was too lenient, especially when compared with the 20-month prison term given to her co-defendant, Mohammed Yousry, a translator who was working for her. The appeals court said the sentencing judge can also reconsider the sentences of Yousry and Ahmed Abdel Sattar, a former postal worker, depending on what the judge decides with Stewart.
The court also ordered Yousry to begin serving his sentence. Sattar is already serving his 24-year sentence.
In its ruling, the appeals court said Stewart must be resentenced because Judge John G. Koeltl declined to determine at sentencing whether Stewart committed perjury when she testified at her trial.
The appeals court said it was necessary for the judge to make the determination because of "the seriousness of her criminal conduct, her responsibilities as a member of the bar and her role as counsel for Abdel-Rahman."
It added: "We think that whether Stewart lied under oath at her trial is directly relevant to whether her sentence was appropriate. ... Any cover-up or attempt to evade responsibility by a failure to tell the truth upon oath or affirmation at her trial would compound the gravity of her crime."
In a partial dissent to the ruling, Judge John Walker complained that the appeals court did not go far enough, saying it should have rejected Stewart's sentence as "substantively unreasonable" and required resentencing on that basis.
Stewart's lawyer, Joshua Dratel, did not immediately return a call for comment. Prosecutors did not immediately comment.
LONDON (Reuters) –
The National Gallery in London, one of the world's great public collections, has put on display a seedy reconstruction of Amsterdam's Red Light District in a rare foray into contemporary installation art.
When plans to house Ed and Nancy Kienholz's "The Hoerengracht" were announced last year, critics asked whether the normally reserved National was "prostituting itself" to contemporary art designed, at least in part, to shock.
But at a press preview on Tuesday, curator Colin Wiggins defended the decision to feature the installation which recreates a street and buildings caked in grime where life-like models of scantily clad women display themselves in windows. He also underlined the links between the piece and famous Dutch paintings from the 17th century that belong to the gallery's permanent collection.
Wiggins also argued that the sordid subject matter, portrayed in all its "squalor," was not as out of place at the National as visitors may initially think.
"This is like walking into a 17th century Dutch painting of Amsterdam," Wiggins said.
"We have pictures of gang rape, we have pictures of incest, we have pictures of murder and torture and mutilation, but because people put them in gold frames and cover them in varnish ... they're safe, they're tame."
The Kienholzes began making The Hoerengracht in 1983, just over a decade after they met at a party in Los Angeles and married. It took them around five years to make.
By the time they met, Ed Kienholz was already famous for installations that were controversial for tackling subjects including mental illness, abortion and the sex trade.
REAL MODELS
The Hoerengracht was inspired by the Red Light District in Amsterdam and the result of what Nancy said were "countless trips" to the area to take photographs and gather material. Ed died in 1994 aged 66.
The National has installed the piece in a darkened room lit only by the red glow of colored light bulbs and lampshades.
Visitors walk along a "street" complete with bollards and old bicycles chained to them, and small alleys down which they can walk and view the women on display.
The prostitutes are modeled on the bodies of friends of the Kienholzes in Berlin, where the giant work of art was created.
Each has a glass box over her head with the lid open, suggesting that at any time she could close it and in so doing shut off the outside world and the "voyeur."
Notable is the attention to detail, particularly the Kienholzes' attempts to convey the sordid, grubby nature of the streets and building interiors, complete with half-filled ashtrays, dust-covered magazines and dirty windows.
"It is an extremely serious exhibition and it does not in any way glamorize or romanticize prostitution," said National Gallery director Nicholas Penny.
"I also think the connections with traditional art in the National Gallery are very genuine ones."
The exhibition runs until February 21, 2010.
(Editing by Steve Addison)
WASHINGTON – The Postal Service reported a loss of $3.8 billion last year, despite a reduction of 40,000 full-time positions and other cost-cutting measures.
The loss was $1 billion more than the year before despite job cuts and other efforts designed to save billions of dollars, postal officials said Monday.
"Our 2009 fiscal year proved to be one of the most challenging in the history of the Postal Service," Chief Financial Officer Joseph Corbett said.
"The deep economic recession, and to a lesser extent the ongoing migration of mail to electronic alternatives, significantly affected all mail products, creating a large imbalance between revenues and costs," he said.
The post office has been struggling to cope with a decline in mail volume caused by the shift to the Internet as well as the recession that resulted in a drop in advertising and other mail. Total mail volume was 177.1 billion pieces, compared to 202.7 billion pieces in 2008, a decline of almost 13 percent.
For the fiscal year that ended Sept. 30 the agency had income of $68.1 billion, $6.8 billion less than in 2008. Expenditures were down $5.9 billion to $71.8 billion.
Postmaster General John Potter is seeking permission from Congress to reduce mail delivery from six days a week to five, a move that could save the agency $3.5 billion annually.
Potter has said the post office does not plan to raise rates next year on the items most commonly used by the public such as first-class mail.
"We realize our customers are facing the same economic challenges," said Potter.
In addition the agency is consolidating mail facilities, looking to close some offices and looking for new sources of income.
The post office is required to make an annual contribution of about $5 billion to pay in advance for medical benefits for future retirees. Congress reduced that by $4 billion for 2009, but that change was for one year only.
The agency's independent auditor, Ernst & Young, questioned whether the post office would have enough money to make the next payment on Sept. 30, 2010, when $5.5 billion will be due.
For the current fiscal year, the post office estimated it will have a further decline in income of $2.2 billion and a net loss of $7.8 billion even with expected cost reductions of more than $3.5 billion. It expects a reduction in mail volume of another 11 billion pieces.
While there are signs of economic recovery, Corbett said the post office tends to lag two quarters behind the economy. In addition, he said, economists say the recovery is likely to be slow to add jobs and mail volume generally rises when more people are working.
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On the Net:
U.S. Postal Service: http://www.usps.com
GENEVA (Reuters) –
Iraqi refugees in Syria will this week start receive U.N. text messages they can redeem for fresh food in local shops, the World Food Program said on Tuesday.
The "virtual vouchers" worth $22 per family every two months will supplement traditional aid which rarely includes perishable goods, WFP spokeswoman Emilia Casella said, announcing the pilot project supported by the mobile company MTN.
"They will be able to exchange their electronic vouchers for rice, wheat flour, lentils, chickpeas, oil and canned fish, as well as cheese and eggs -- items that cannot usually be included in conventional aid baskets," she told a Geneva news briefing.
There are more than 1.2 million Iraqis now living in Syria, according to government figures. Many of those who fled war and insurgent violence in their homeland initially had some savings and possessions but are increasingly desperate, Casella said.
Virtually all the 130,000 Iraqis who now regularly receive WFP food assistance in Syria have mobile phones, and the U.N. agency often sends text messages to tell them where food staples will be distributed, the spokeswoman said.
The Rome-based WFP, which aims to feed 105 million people in 74 countries this year, has never before used mobile phones to deliver food vouchers.
The Syrian pilot will initially reach 1,000 beneficiaries in and around Damascus, and may be extended, the WFP said. Casella described it as a way to help refugees eat a more diversified diet while also supporting local farmers and businesses.
"We are not giving food away, we are actually creating an additional market for local shopkeepers," she said.
(Reporting by Laura MacInnis)